(Re) configuration or old hemispheric geopolitical configuration: Integration in the andean region at the beginning of the twenty-first century

Abstract

This paper aims to conduct a discussion on the current geopolitical configuration hemispheric based on relations between the United States and Latin America after the end of the Cold War. In particular, this research will try to show how the interference of the USA in the region and its relationships with Chile, Colombia and Peru, have become a challenge to build an autonomous and sovereign international insertion project for Latin America. Thus, from the intended analysis, we will check to what extent there have been significant changes, or not, in the last decade and what the challenges for a new hemispheric geopolitical configuration. At first, a theoretical discussion have space on the role of Latin America in the post-Cold War, as well as reviews about the geopolitical changes with the end of the bipolar order in our hemisphere. Next, will be performed a historical review of relations between the United States, Chile, Colombia and Peru, at different stages and moments of the twentieth century, in order to verify the steps that led to an approach that would be configured as an important strategic partnership between the power and these countries at the beginning of XXI century. The Andean Region attracts great interest from the USA, and the countries analyzed here, which formed the Pacific Alliance, have a decisive role allowing them to be the gateway to Latin America for American geopolitical interests. To evaluate the present time, it is extremely important to review the history of Inter-American Relations from the American relations with these allies in the region and noted the strategic interests of the power in America Andean countries and as this region is characterized as the main focus of Washington in Latin America since the end of the Cold War.